SPN 412: EGR Temperature - ZIPtuning Blog (2024)

Fault Code SPN 412: EGR Temperature Sensor Issues

Urgency and Severity

When the SPN 412 fault code appears, it indicates an issue with the Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) temperature sensor. The urgency depends on the specific Failure Mode Identifier (FMI) associated with the code:

In our workshop, we've encountered Fault Code SPN 412 quite frequently, especially in European car makes like Volvo, Mercedes-Benz, and BMW. Just last week, a customer brought in their 2012 Volvo D13 with the check engine light on, and sure enough, the diagnostic scanner showed SPN 412 with an FMI 5. After inspecting the wiring harness and connectors, we found that the EGR temperature sensor connector had some corrosion and a loose connection, which we cleaned and repaired. We've also seen this issue in Mercedes-Benz Actros trucks, where the EGR cooler was clogged with soot, causing the temperature sensor to give inaccurate readings and trigger the SPN 412 code. While less common, we've had a few cases with Asian brands like Hino and Fuso, but the majority of SPN 412 faults we've dealt with have been in European vehicles.

• FMI 0, 2, or 5: These indicate a low voltage, open circuit, or high resistance in the EGR temperature sensor circuit. While not immediately critical, it's advisable to address the issue promptly to prevent potential engine damage or reduced performance.
• FMI 3: This indicates a voltage above normal or a short to a high source in the EGR temperature sensor circuit. It's more severe and requires immediate attention to prevent further damage.

In most cases, you can continue driving cautiously for a short distance, but it's recommended to have the issue diagnosed and repaired as soon as possible. If the engine shows signs of reduced performance, excessive smoke, or overheating, stop driving and have the vehicle towed to a repair facility.

Code Specifics and Affected Parts

SPN 412 is a generic code that applies to various makes and models of vehicles equipped with an EGR system. The specific parts involved may vary slightly depending on the manufacturer, but generally include:

• EGR Temperature Sensor: Measures the temperature of the exhaust gases in the EGR system.
• EGR Valve: Controls the flow of exhaust gases back into the engine intake.
• EGR Cooler: Cools the exhaust gases before they enter the engine intake.

The EGR system helps reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions by recirculating a portion of the exhaust gases back into the engine intake, lowering combustion temperatures.

Common Causes

Some common causes of the SPN 412 fault code include:

1. Faulty EGR temperature sensor
2. Damaged wiring or connectors in the EGR temperature sensor circuit
3. Clogged or malfunctioning EGR valve
4. Leaks in the EGR system
5. Excessive soot buildup in the EGR cooler

Diagnosing and Repair

To diagnose the issue:

1. Check for other fault codes: Note any additional codes, as they may help pinpoint the problem.
2. Inspect the EGR temperature sensor: Check for damage, corrosion, or loose connections.
3. Test the sensor circuit: Using a multimeter, verify proper voltage and resistance according to the manufacturer's specifications.
4. Assess the EGR valve and cooler: Check for proper operation, leaks, or excessive soot buildup.

If the EGR temperature sensor is faulty, replace it with a new one. If wiring issues are found, repair or replace the affected harness. Clean or replace the EGR valve and cooler as needed.

Prevention and Costs

To prevent EGR system issues:

• Maintain the engine properly, following the manufacturer's recommended service intervals
• Use high-quality fuel and oil
• Address any engine issues promptly to prevent excessive soot buildup

The cost of repair varies depending on the specific issue and the vehicle make and model. Expect to pay:

• EGR temperature sensor: $50-$200 (€45-€180)
• EGR valve: $200-$600 (€180-€540)
• EGR cooler: $400-$800 (€360-€720)
• Labor: $100-$200 (€90-€180) per hour

Other fault codes that may appear alongside SPN 412 include:

• SPN 4752: EGR Valve Position Error
• SPN 611: Injector Drive #1 Fault

These codes suggest issues with the EGR valve or fuel injectors, which can contribute to EGR system problems.

Frequently Asked Questions about SPN 412 Fault Code

What does Fault Code SPN 412 indicate?

Fault Code SPN 412 indicates an issue with the Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) temperature sensor circuit. The specific problem is determined by the Failure Mode Identifier (FMI) that accompanies the code.

What are the different FMIs associated with SPN 412?

FMI 0, 2, or 5: Low voltage, open circuit, or high resistance in the EGR temperature sensor circuit.

FMI 3: Voltage above normal or a short to a high source in the EGR temperature sensor circuit.

Can I continue driving with an SPN 412 fault code?

In most cases, you can drive cautiously for a short distance, but it’s best to have the issue diagnosed and repaired promptly. If the engine shows signs of reduced performance, excessive smoke, or overheating, stop driving immediately and have the vehicle towed to a repair facility.

What parts are affected by the SPN 412 fault code?

The main parts involved are the EGR temperature sensor, EGR valve, and EGR cooler. The specific parts may vary slightly depending on the vehicle make and model.

What are the common causes of the SPN 412 fault code?

Common causes include:

• Faulty EGR temperature sensor
• Damaged wiring or connectors in the EGR temperature sensor circuit
• Clogged or malfunctioning EGR valve
• Leaks in the EGR system
• Excessive soot buildup in the EGR cooler

How do I diagnose the issue?

To diagnose the issue:

1. Check for other fault codes that may help pinpoint the problem.
2. Inspect the EGR temperature sensor for damage, corrosion, or loose connections.
3. Test the sensor circuit using a multimeter to verify proper voltage and resistance.
4. Assess the EGR valve and cooler for proper operation, leaks, or excessive soot buildup.

What are the steps to repair the issue?

If the EGR temperature sensor is faulty, replace it with a new one. If wiring issues are found, repair or replace the affected harness. Clean or replace the EGR valve and cooler as needed.

How can I prevent EGR system issues?

To prevent EGR system issues:

• Maintain the engine properly, following the manufacturer’s recommended service intervals.
• Use high-quality fuel and oil.
• Address any engine issues promptly to prevent excessive soot buildup.

What is the typical cost to repair an SPN 412 fault?

The cost varies depending on the specific issue and vehicle make/model. Expect to pay:

• EGR temperature sensor: $50-$200 (€45-€180)
• EGR valve: $200-$600 (€180-€540)
• EGR cooler: $400-$800 (€360-€720)
• Labor: $100-$200 (€90-€180) per hour

What other fault codes may appear alongside SPN 412?

Other fault codes that may appear include:

• SPN 4752: EGR Valve Position Error
• SPN 611: Injector Drive #1 Fault

What is the role of the EGR temperature sensor?

The EGR temperature sensor measures the temperature of the exhaust gases in the EGR system.

What does the EGR valve do?

The EGR valve controls the flow of exhaust gases back into the engine intake.

What is the purpose of the EGR cooler?

The EGR cooler cools the exhaust gases before they enter the engine intake.

How does the EGR system help reduce emissions?

The EGR system recirculates a portion of the exhaust gases back into the engine intake, lowering combustion temperatures and reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.

Can a faulty EGR system cause engine damage?

Yes, a malfunctioning EGR system can lead to engine damage if left unaddressed. Issues like clogged EGR valves or coolers can cause excessive soot buildup, reduced performance, and potential engine damage.

What are the symptoms of a faulty EGR temperature sensor?

Symptoms may include:

• Check Engine Light illuminated
• Reduced engine performance
• Rough idling
• Increased fuel consumption
• Excessive smoke from the exhaust

How often should I replace the EGR temperature sensor?

There is no specific replacement interval for the EGR temperature sensor. Replace it when it becomes faulty or when diagnosed as the cause of the SPN 412 fault code.

Can I replace the EGR temperature sensor myself?

Replacing the EGR temperature sensor is a relatively straightforward process, but it requires some mechanical knowledge and tools. If you’re unsure about your abilities, it’s best to have a professional mechanic perform the replacement.

What should I do if the SPN 412 fault code keeps reappearing after repair?

If the fault code persists after replacing the EGR temperature sensor, there may be other underlying issues. Have a mechanic perform a more thorough diagnosis to identify and fix any additional problems with the EGR system, wiring, or other related components.

Can using low-quality fuel cause EGR system issues?

Yes, using low-quality fuel can lead to increased soot buildup in the EGR system, potentially causing issues like clogged EGR valves or coolers. Always use high-quality fuel as recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.